The population reached nearly 280,000
Between the last two censuses (held in 2011 and 2021), the population of Waltham Forest increased by 7.8%, from around 258,200 in 2011 to around 278,400 in 2021.
The population here increased at a similar rate to the overall population of London (7.7%), but by a greater percentage than the overall population of England (up 6.6% since the 2011 Census).
In 2021, Waltham Forest was home to around 51.2 people per football pitch-sized piece of land, compared with 47.5 in 2011. This area was among the top 5% most densely populated English local authority areas at the last census.
This article generally uses percentages to enable comparisons over time and between areas. The percentage point change is also used to show the difference between the 2011 and 2021 percentages.
Population growth was similar in Waltham Forest to London as a whole
Percentage population change, Waltham Forest and surrounding areas, 2011 Census to Census 2021
England ▲6.6% London ▲7.7% Waltham Forest ▲7.8%| -2 | -0.5 | 0.5 | +2 | +8 | +16% |
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An older Waltham Forest
Between the last two censuses, the average (median) age of Waltham Forest increased by three years, from 32 to 35 years of age.
This area had a similar average (median) age to London as a whole in 2021 (35 years) but a lower average (median) age than England (40 years).
The median age is the age of the person in the middle of the group, meaning that one half of the group is younger than that person and the other half is older.
The number of people aged 35 to 49 years rose by around 10,800 (an increase of 18.5%), while the number of residents between 20 and 24 years fell by around 5,000 (24.4% decrease).
The share of residents aged between 35 and 49 years increased by 2.2 percentage points between 2011 and 2021
Percentage of usual residents
by age group,
| 85 years and over | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 1.4%
1.2% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75 to 84 years | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 3.3%
3.2% |
| 65 to 74 years | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 5.2%
5.7% |
| 50 to 64 years | 13.7 | 16.4 | 14.4 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 19.4 | 13.7%
16.4% |
| 35 to 49 years | 22.7 | 25.0 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 21.3 | 19.4 | 22.7%
25.0% |
| 25 to 34 years | 19.6 | 18.3 | 19.9 | 18.1 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 19.6%
18.3% |
| 20 to 24 years | 8.0 | 5.6 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 8.0%
5.6% |
| 16 to 19 years | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.7%
4.3% |
| 10 to 15 years | 6.9 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 6.9%
7.1% |
| 5 to 9 years | 6.4 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.4%
6.3% |
| 4 years and under | 8.1 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 8.1%
6.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
More couples without children
Waltham Forest saw England's largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of households including a couple but no children (from 11.4% in 2011 to 14.8% in 2021).
Newham saw the country's next largest increase in the percentage of households including a couple but no children (from 8.5% in 2011 to 11.9% in 2021).
Despite the increase, Waltham Forest was in the lowest 15% of English local authority areas for the share of households including a couple but no children in 2021.
The percentage of households including a couple without children in Waltham Forest increased by 3.5 percentage points
Percentage of households
by household composition,
| One-person household: Aged 66 years and over (Aged 65 years and over in 2011) | 9.2 | 8.0 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 12.4 | 12.8 | 9.2%
8.0% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One-person household: Other | 20.5 | 17.9 | 22.0 | 20.1 | 17.9 | 17.3 | 20.5%
17.9% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: No children | 11.4 | 14.8 | 13.8 | 14.2 | 17.6 | 16.8 | 11.4%
14.8% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: With dependent children | 19.4 | 20.2 | 17.8 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 18.9 | 19.4%
20.2% |
| Single-family household: Cohabiting-couple family: All children non-dependent | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.5%
5.9% |
| Single-family household: Lone-parent household | 13.7 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 13.7%
14.3% |
| Other household types | 20.4 | 18.9 | 19.1 | 18.7 | 16.1 | 16.9 | 20.4%
18.9% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Rise in employment
Waltham Forest saw England's second-largest percentage-point rise in the proportion of people aged 16 years and over (excluding full-time students) who were employed (from 56.8% in 2011 to 61.1% in 2021).
England's largest increase in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over (excluding full-time students) who were employed occurred in Newham (from 50.1% to 56.0%).
Census 2021 took place during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, a period of rapid and unparalleled change; the national lockdown, associated guidance and furlough measures will have affected the labour market and our ability to measure it.
The percentage of people aged 16 years and over who were employed (excluding full-time students) in Waltham Forest increased by 4.3 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over
by economic activity status,
| Economically active (excluding full-time students): In employment | 56.8 | 61.1 | 58.6 | 59.4 | 56.5 | 55.7 | 56.8%
61.1% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economically active (excluding full-time students): Unemployed | 5.7 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 5.7%
4.5% |
| Economically active and a full-time student: In employment | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 3.0%
2.1% |
| Economically active and a full-time student: Unemployed | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.2%
0.7% |
| Economically inactive: Retired | 12.9 | 11.6 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 12.9%
11.6% |
| Economically inactive: Student | 7.5 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 7.5%
6.2% |
| Economically inactive: Looking after home or family | 5.6 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 5.6%
6.1% |
| Economically inactive: Long-term sick or disabled | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.7%
3.5% |
| Economically inactive: Other | 3.5 | 4.3 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 3.5%
4.3% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Change in work hours
The decrease in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over and in employment who said they usually worked over 49 hours per week was greater across London (2.5 percentage points) than in Waltham Forest (0.3 percentage points).
In Waltham Forest, the percentage of long hours workers stayed close to 10.6% between the last two censuses. During the same period, the regional percentage decreased from 15.9% to 13.3%.
The percentage of adults who worked 15 hours or less in Waltham Forest increased from 9.0% to 10.7%, while the percentage of adults in employment who worked 31 to 48 hours decreased from 61.0% to 60.4%.
Working hours may have been affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
The percentage of adults in employment who worked 49 hours or more in Waltham Forest decreased by 0.3 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over and in employment
by the number of hours worked per week,
| 15 hours or less worked | 9.0 | 10.7 | 8.8 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 9.0%
10.7% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 to 30 hours worked | 19.1 | 18.3 | 17.0 | 17.4 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.1%
18.3% |
| 31 to 48 hours worked | 61.0 | 60.4 | 58.4 | 58.6 | 57.5 | 59.1 | 61.0%
60.4% |
| 49 or more hours worked | 10.9 | 10.6 | 15.9 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 10.9%
10.6% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
National identity in Waltham Forest
Waltham Forest saw England's joint third-largest percentage-point fall (alongside Lambeth) in the proportion of people who did not identify with any national identity associated with the UK (from 24.7% in 2011 to 21.9% in 2021).
England's largest decreases in the percentage of people who did not identify with any national identity associated with the UK occurred in Kensington and Chelsea (from 37.7% to 32.0%) followed by Westminster (from 36.6% to 32.4%).
Despite the decrease, Waltham Forest was in the highest 10% of English local authority areas for the share of people who did not identify with any national identity associated with the UK in 2021.
In Census 2021, “British” was moved to the top response option and this may have influenced how people described their national identity. For further information, please see our quality report.
The percentage of people who did not identify with at least one UK national identity in Waltham Forest decreased by 2.8 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents
by national identity,
| British only identity | 32.8 | 59.3 | 30.9 | 56.9 | 19.2 | 56.8 | 32.8%
59.3% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Welsh only identity | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3%
0.2% |
| Welsh and British only identity | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1%
0.1% |
| English only identity | 34.3 | 7.6 | 37.1 | 8.2 | 60.4 | 15.3 | 34.3%
7.6% |
| English and British only identity | 4.7 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 9.1 | 14.3 | 4.7%
6.1% |
| Any other combination of only UK identities | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.9%
0.8% |
| Non-UK identity only | 24.7 | 21.9 | 22.4 | 22.5 | 8.2 | 10.0 | 24.7%
21.9% |
| UK identity and non-UK identity | 2.3 | 4.0 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 2.3%
4.0% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Waltham Forest residents' country of birth
In the latest census, around 167,000 Waltham Forest residents said they were born in England. This represented 60.0% of the local population. The figure has risen from just under 154,600 in 2011, which at the time represented 59.9% of Waltham Forest's population.
Pakistan was the next most represented, with just over 11,000 Waltham Forest residents reporting this country of birth (4.0%). This figure was down from around 12,700 in 2011, which at the time represented 4.9% of the population of Waltham Forest.
The number of Waltham Forest residents born in Romania rose from around 4,300 in 2011 (1.7% of the local population) to just over 11,000 in 2021 (4.0%).
In 2021, 60.0% of Waltham Forest residents reported their country of birth as England
Percentage of usual residents
by country of birth,
| England | 59.9 | 60.0 | 61.1 | 57.7 | 83.5 | 80.3 | 59.9%
60.0% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistan | 4.9 | 4.0 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 4.9%
4.0% |
| Romania | 1.7 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 1.7%
4.0% |
| Countries that joined the EU between April 2001 and March 2011 (other than Poland, Croatia, Lithuania and Romania) | 2.8 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 2.8%
3.5% |
| Europe (other than the UK, Turkey and EU countries) | 1.0 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.0%
2.5% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
Notes:
- This chart shows the five most common countries of birth in Waltham Forest in 2021
- Please see the data dictionary for further detail on country of birth groupings
| |
Religion in Waltham Forest
In 2021, 27.9% of Waltham Forest residents reported having "No religion", up from 18.0% in 2011. The rise of 9.9 percentage points was the largest increase of all broad religious groups in Waltham Forest. Because the census question about religious affiliation is voluntary and has varying response rates, caution is needed when comparing figures between different areas or between censuses.
Across London, the percentage of residents who described themselves as having "No religion" increased from 21.0% to 27.1%, while across England the percentage increased from 24.8% to 36.7%.
In 2021, 39.0% of people in Waltham Forest described themselves as Christian (down from 48.4%), while 21.6% described themselves as Muslim (down from 21.9% the decade before).
There are many factors that can cause changes to the religious profile of an area, such as a changing age structure or residents relocating for work or education. Changes may also be caused by differences in the way individuals chose to self-identify between censuses. Religious affiliation is the religion with which someone connects or identifies, rather than their beliefs or religious practice.
Read the bulletin Religion, England and Wales: Census 2021.In 2021, 27.9% of usual residents in Waltham Forest reported having "No religion"
Percentage of usual residents
by religion,
| No religion | 18.0 | 27.9 | 21.0 | 27.1 | 24.8 | 36.7 | 18.0%
27.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christian | 48.4 | 39.0 | 48.7 | 40.7 | 59.4 | 46.3 | 48.4%
39.0% |
| Buddhist | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8%
0.7% |
| Hindu | 2.3 | 1.9 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.3%
1.9% |
| Jewish | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5%
0.5% |
| Muslim | 21.9 | 21.6 | 12.6 | 15.0 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 21.9%
21.6% |
| Sikh | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.5%
0.5% |
| Other | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4%
1.0% |
| Not answered | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 7.3%
7.0% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Rise in private renting
The increase in the percentage of privately-rented homes was greater in nearby Redbridge (7.6 percentage points) than in Waltham Forest (1.9 percentage points).
In Waltham Forest, the percentage of private renting increased from 25.9% in 2011 to 27.8% in 2021. During the same period, the percentage in nearby Redbridge increased from 22.9% to 30.4%.
The rate of social renting in Waltham Forest fell from 22.1% to 21.5%, while the rate of home ownership decreased from 49.9% to 48.9%.
Private renting in Waltham Forest increased by 1.9 percentage points
Percentage of households
by housing tenure,
| Owns outright or with a mortgage or loan | 49.9 | 48.9 | 48.3 | 45.2 | 63.3 | 61.3 | 49.9%
48.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shared ownership | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1%
1.7% |
| Social rented | 22.1 | 21.5 | 24.1 | 23.1 | 17.7 | 17.1 | 22.1%
21.5% |
| Private rented | 25.9 | 27.8 | 25.1 | 30.0 | 16.8 | 20.5 | 25.9%
27.8% |
| Lives rent free | 1.0 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 1.0%
0.1% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Disability in Waltham Forest
In 2021, 7.7% of Waltham Forest residents were identified as being disabled and limited a lot. This figure decreased from 10.3% in 2011. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
The decrease in the proportion of residents who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot was greater in Waltham Forest (2.6 percentage points) than across London (2.3 percentage points, from 9.4% to 7.1%). Across England, the proportion fell by 1.6 percentage points, from 9.1% to 7.5%.
Census 2021 was undertaken during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived their health status and activity limitations, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
Caution should be taken when making comparisons between 2011 and 2021 because of changes in question wording and response options.
The percentage of people who were identified as being disabled and limited a lot in Waltham Forest decreased by 2.6 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents
by long-term health condition or illness,
| Disabled and limited a lot | 10.3 | 7.7 | 9.4 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 7.5 | 10.3%
7.7% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disabled and limited a little | 10.7 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.7%
9.0% |
| Not disabled | 79.0 | 83.3 | 80.8 | 84.3 | 80.7 | 82.3 | 79.0%
83.3% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Unpaid care in Waltham Forest
In 2021, 3.6% of Waltham Forest residents (aged five years and over) reported providing up to 19 hours of unpaid care each week. This figure decreased from 6.0% in 2011. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
In 2021, just under 1 in 50 people (1.8%) reported providing between 20 and 49 hours of unpaid care each week, compared with 1.6% in 2011. The proportion of Waltham Forest residents (aged five years and over) that provided at least 50 hours of weekly unpaid care decreased from 2.6% to 2.3%.
The decrease in the proportion of people (aged five years and over) providing up to 19 hours of weekly unpaid care in Waltham Forest (2.4 percentage points) was similar to the decrease across London (2.6 percentage points, from 6.4% to 3.8%). Across England, the proportion fell by 2.8 percentage points, from 7.2% to 4.4%.
Census 2021 was undertaken during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived and managed their provision of unpaid care, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
Caution should be taken when making comparisons between 2011 and 2021 because of changes in question wording and response options.
The percentage of people (aged five years and over) providing up to 19 hours of weekly unpaid care in Waltham Forest decreased by 2.4 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents (aged five years and over)
by hours per week of unpaid care provision,
| Does not provide weekly unpaid care | 89.8 | 92.3 | 89.7 | 92.2 | 88.7 | 91.1 | 89.8%
92.3% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Up to 19 hours of unpaid care | 6.0 | 3.6 | 6.4 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 4.4 | 6.0%
3.6% |
| 20 to 49 hours of unpaid care | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.6%
1.8% |
| 50 or more hours of unpaid care | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6%
2.3% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Health in Waltham Forest
In 2021, 45.9% of Waltham Forest residents described their health as "very good", increasing from 40.3% in 2011. Those describing their health as "good" fell from 35.9% to 34.3%. These are age-standardised proportions.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout this section. They enable comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure.
The proportion of Waltham Forest residents describing their health as "very bad" decreased from 1.9% to 1.5%, while those describing their health as "bad" fell from 5.6% to 4.6%.
These data reflect people’s own opinions in describing their overall health on a five point scale, from very good to very bad.
Census 2021 was conducted during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This may have influenced how people perceived and rated their health, and therefore may have affected how people chose to respond.
The percentage of people in very good health in Waltham Forest increased by 5.6 percentage points
Age-standardised proportion of usual residents
by self-reported health,
| Very good health | 40.3 | 45.9 | 44.5 | 49.0 | 45.0 | 47.5 | 40.3%
45.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Good health | 35.9 | 34.3 | 34.3 | 32.9 | 34.8 | 34.2 | 35.9%
34.3% |
| Fair health | 16.4 | 13.7 | 14.6 | 12.6 | 14.2 | 13.0 | 16.4%
13.7% |
| Bad health | 5.6 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 5.6%
4.6% |
| Very bad health | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.9%
1.5% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
More adults never married or in a civil partnership
The increase in the percentage of people aged 16 years and over who had never been married or in a civil partnership was greater in Waltham Forest (3.4 percentage points) than in nearby Redbridge (1.3 percentage points).
In Waltham Forest, the percentage of adults who had never been married or in a civil partnership increased from 43.4% in 2011 to 46.8% in 2021. During the same period, the percentage in nearby Redbridge increased from 34.6% to 35.9%.
The percentage of adults who were married or in a civil partnership in Waltham Forest fell from 40.4% to 39.6%, while the percentage of adults who had divorced or dissolved a civil partnership decreased from 7.6% to 7.4%.
These figures include same-sex marriages and opposite-sex civil partnerships in 2021, neither of which were legally recognised in England and Wales in 2011. Same-sex marriages have been legally recognised in England and Wales since 2014 and opposite-sex civil partnerships have been recognised since 2019.
The percentage of adults who had never married or registered a civil partnership in Waltham Forest increased by 3.4 percentage points
Percentage of usual residents aged 16 years and over
by legal partnership status,
| Never married and never registered a civil partnership | 43.4 | 46.8 | 44.1 | 46.2 | 34.6 | 37.9 | 43.4%
46.8% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Married or in a registered civil partnership | 40.4 | 39.6 | 40.2 | 40.0 | 46.8 | 44.7 | 40.4%
39.6% |
| Separated, but still legally married or still legally in a civil partnership | 3.7 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 3.7%
2.4% |
| Divorced or civil partnership dissolved | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 7.6%
7.4% |
| Widowed or surviving civil partnership partner | 4.9 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 4.9%
3.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
Ethnic groups in Waltham Forest
In 2021, 5.8% of Waltham Forest residents identified their ethnic group within the "Other" category ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group"), up from 4.1% in 2011. The 1.8 percentage-point change was the largest increase among high-level ethnic groups in this area.
Across London, the percentage of people from the "Other ethnic groups" ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group") increased from 3.4% to 6.3%, while across England the percentage increased from 1.0% to 2.2%.
In 2021, 52.8% of people in Waltham Forest identified their ethnic group within the "White" category (compared with 52.2% in 2011), while 19.9% identified their ethnic group within the "Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh" category (compared with 21.1% the previous decade).
The percentage of people who identified their ethnic group within the "Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African" category decreased from 17.3% in 2011 to 15.0% in 2021.
There are many factors that may be contributing to the changing ethnic composition of England and Wales, such as differing patterns of ageing, fertility, mortality, and migration. Changes may also be caused by differences in the way individuals chose to self-identify between censuses.
Read the bulletin Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021.In 2021, 5.8% of usual residents in Waltham Forest identified their ethnic group within the "Other" category ("Arab" or "Any other ethnic group")
Percentage of usual residents
by ethnic group,
| Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh | 21.1 | 19.9 | 18.5 | 20.7 | 7.8 | 9.6 | 21.1%
19.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African | 17.3 | 15.0 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 17.3%
15.0% |
| Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups | 5.3 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 5.3%
6.5% |
| White | 52.2 | 52.8 | 59.8 | 53.8 | 85.4 | 81.0 | 52.2%
52.8% |
| Other ethnic groups | 4.1 | 5.8 | 3.4 | 6.3 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 4.1%
5.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics – 2011 Census and Census 2021
| |
About the data
Census data are adjusted to reflect estimated non-response so that the published results relate to the entire usually resident population as it was on Census Day (21 March 2021).
Those respondents who were on furlough because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic were asked to classify themselves as "temporarily away from work" to ensure they remained in the economically active population.
Students are counted as usually resident at their term-time address even if they were not physically present there on Census Day.
The questions relating to disability differed slightly between 2011 and 2021 to ensure that data were more closely aligned with the definition of disability in the Equality Act (2010). There was also a change to question wording for unpaid care, for more information read the health, disability and unpaid care quality information.
Age-standardised proportions are used throughout the health, disability and unpaid care sections. They allow for fairer comparisons between populations over time and across geographies, as they account for differences in the population size and age structure. The 2013 European Standard Population is used to standardise proportions.
Percentages and percentage point changes have been individually rounded to one decimal place. This means they may not sum exactly.
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xlsx (1.5 MB)About these articles
There is an article like this for every local authority district in England and Wales. The articles have been written and semi-automated by our data journalists and are a new publishing format for the Office for National Statistics.
Topics are chosen and ordered automatically based on how relevant they are for each area, however all data are checked before publishing.
We have not included topics that were new for Census 2021 or where there is no comparability with the 2011 Census. Read about how we developed and tested the questions for Census 2021.
These articles were first published on 8 December 2022 covering topics such as demography, country of birth, ethnic groups, religion, national identity and economic activity status. They were updated on 19 January 2023 following the release of more data from Census 2021 and now include housing tenure, general health, disability and unpaid care.
Related links
Supporting information | Released 2 November 2022
What topic summary data for Census 2021 will be available and how to view them.
Interactive tool | Released 8 December 2022
Use our interactive map to find out what people’s lives are like across England and Wales.
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Digital Content Article | Released 2 December 2022
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Contact
census.customerservices@ons.gov.ukTelephone: +44 1329 44 4972