Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional: week ending 5 February 2021

• The number of deaths registered in England and Wales in the week ending 5 February 2021 (Week 5) was 17,192; this was 1,256 fewer deaths than in the previous week (Week 4).

• In Week 5, the number of deaths registered in England and Wales was 40.8% above the five-year average (4,986 deaths higher).

• Of the deaths registered in Week 5 in England and Wales, 7,320 mentioned "novel coronavirus (COVID-19)"; a decrease of 1,113 deaths compared with Week 4.

• In Week 5, deaths involving COVID-19 accounted for 42.6% of all deaths in England and Wales; this is the third-highest proportion of deaths involving COVID-19 that has been recorded during the pandemic.

• Of the 7,320 deaths involving COVID-19 in Week 5 in England and Wales, 6,521 had this recorded as the underlying cause of death (89.1%).

• Of the 4,993 deaths that involved Influenza and Pneumonia, 305 had this recorded as the underlying cause of death (6.1%).

• In England, the total number of registered deaths decreased from 17,455 (Week 4) to 16,259 (Week 5); all English regions had a higher number of deaths than the five-year average for the 13th week in a row.

• In Week 5, the number of registered deaths involving COVID-19 decreased in all English regions compared with Week 4, with the South East of England recording the largest decrease of 295 deaths.

• In Wales, the total number of registered deaths in Week 5 was 143 higher than the five-year average; total deaths in Wales have decreased by 71 in Week 5.

• In Wales, the number of registered deaths involving COVID-19 decreased from 361 (Week 4) to 314 (Week 5).

• We estimate that the number of deaths actually occurring (rather than registered) in Week 5 in England and Wales was between 14,813 and 18,484.

• The number of deaths registered in the UK in the week ending 5 February 2021 was 19,149, which was 5,317 higher than the five-year average; of deaths registered in the UK in Week 5, 7,820 deaths involved COVID-19, that is, 1,194 lower than in Week 4.

Figure 1: The number of deaths was above the five-year average in Week 5

Number of deaths registered by week, England and Wales, 28 December 2019 to 5 February 2021

Notes:

1. Figures exclude deaths of non-residents.

2. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.

3. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.

4. The number of deaths registered in 2020 Weeks 19, 20, 22, 23, 36, 37, 52 and 53 and in Week 1 2021 were affected by the early May, late May, August, Christmas and New Year Bank Holidays (Friday 8 May 2020, Monday 25 May 2020, Monday 31 August 2020, Friday 25 December 2020, Monday 28 December 2020, Friday 1 January 2021); the impact of the early May Bank Holiday was analysed in our Week 20 bulletin.

5. The Week 52 five-year average is used to compare against Week 53 deaths.

6. The five-year average has been provided for 2015 to 2019 (rather than 2016 to 2020) because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on deaths registered in 2020. The average for 2015 to 2019 provides a comparison of the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non-pandemic) year.

Download the data

The provisional number of deaths registered in England and Wales decreased from 18,448 in Week 4 (week ending 29 January 2021) to 17,192 in Week 5 (week ending 5 February 2021). The number of deaths was 40.8% above the five-year average (4,986 deaths higher).

In England, the number of deaths decreased from 17,455 in Week 4 to 16,259 in Week 5, which was 4,840 deaths (42.4%) higher than the Week 5 five-year average (Figure 1).

In Wales, the number of deaths decreased from 974 in Week 4 to 903 in Week 5, which was 143 deaths (18.8%) higher than the Week 5 five-year average (Figure 1).

Figure 2: The number of deaths involving COVID-19 decreased in Week 5

Deaths involving and due to COVID-19, and Influenza and Pneumonia, England and Wales, deaths registered in 2020 and 2021

Notes:

1. Figures include deaths of non-residents.

2. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.

3. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.

4. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows: coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2) and Influenza and Pneumonia (J09 to J18).

5. A death can be registered with both COVID-19 and Influenza and Pneumonia mentioned on the death certificate. Deaths where both were mentioned have been counted in both categories.

6. We use the term "due to COVID-19" or "due to Influenza and Pneumonia" when referring only to deaths where that illness was recorded as the underlying cause of death. We use the term "involving COVID-19" or "involving Influenza and Pneumonia" when referring to deaths that had that illness mentioned anywhere on the death certificate, whether as an underlying cause or not.

7. The number of deaths registered in 2020 Weeks 19, 20, 22, 23, 36, 37, 52 and 53 and in Week 1 2021 were affected by the early May, late May, August, Christmas and New Year Bank Holidays (Friday 8 May 2020, Monday 25 May 2020, Monday 31 August 2020, Friday 25 December 2020, Monday 28 December 2020, Friday 1 January 2021); the impact of the early May Bank Holiday was analysed in our Week 20 bulletin.

8. The Week 52 five-year average is used to compare against Week 53 deaths.

9. The five-year average has been provided for 2015 to 2019 (rather than 2016 to 2020) because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on deaths registered in 2020. The average for 2015 to 2019 provides a comparison of the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non-pandemic) year.

Download the data

The number of death registrations in England and Wales involving the coronavirus (COVID-19) decreased from 8,433 in Week 4 to 7,320 in Week 5 - a 13.2% decrease. Of all deaths registered in Week 5, 42.6% mentioned COVID-19 on the death certificate; this is the third-highest proportion of deaths involving COVID-19 that has been recorded during the pandemic.

In England, the number of deaths involving COVID-19 in Week 5 was 6,990, accounting for 43.0% of all deaths compared with 46.2% in Week 4.

In Wales, there were 314 deaths involving COVID-19, accounting for 34.8% of all deaths compared with 37.1% in Week 4.

Of the 7,320 deaths in England and Wales that involved COVID-19, 6,521 had this recorded as the underlying cause of death (89.1%, Figure 2). Of the 4,993 deaths that involved Influenza and Pneumonia, 305 had this recorded as the underlying cause of death (6.1%).

Deaths that involved both COVID-19, and Influenza and Pneumonia have been included in both categories for consistency when comparing with the underlying cause of death. Influenza and Pneumonia has been included for comparison, as a well-understood cause of death involving respiratory infection that is likely to have somewhat similar risk factors to COVID-19. More detailed analysis is available in our Deaths due to coronavirus (COVID-19) compared with deaths from influenza and pneumonia release.

We have developed an experimental statistical model to estimate the number of deaths that actually occurred in a given week, rather than the number registered. For Week 5, we estimate that 16,470 deaths occurred in England and Wales, with a 95% confidence interval of 14,813 to 18,484. This is 4,419 more than the mean observed in years 2015 to 2019 and a decrease of 1,578 from the Week 4 2021 estimate of 18,048 (17,516 to 18,704).

These are provisional estimates that assume the pattern of occurrences can be predicted based on experience in previous years. The estimate for the most recent week always has a wider margin of error than for earlier weeks, so it should be treated with caution.

Figure 3: Deaths not involving COVID-19 were below the five-year average in Week 5

Number of deaths registered by week, England and Wales, 28 December 2019 to 5 February 2021

Notes:

1. Figures include deaths of non-residents.

2. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.

3. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.

4. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows; coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2).

5. The number of deaths registered in 2020 Weeks 19, 20, 22, 23, 36, 37, 52 and 53 and in Week 1 2021 were affected by the Early May, Late May, August, Christmas and New Year Bank Holidays (Friday 8 May 2020, Monday 25 May 2020, Monday 31 August 2020, Friday 25 December 2020, Monday 28 December 2020, Friday 1 January 2021); the impact of the Early May Bank Holiday was analysed in our Week 20 bulletin.

6. The Week 52 five-year average is used to compare against Week 53 deaths.

7. The five-year average has been provided for 2015 to 2019 (rather than 2016 to 2020) because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on deaths registered in 2020. The average for 2015 to 2019 provides a comparison of the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non-pandemic) year.

Download the data

Analysis in this bulletin includes deaths from Week 11 (week ending 13 March 2020, the week of the first registration of a death involving COVID-19) through to Week 5 (week ending 5 February 2021), to ensure full coverage of the ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. In previous bulletins, we looked at Week 1 2020 to the current week.

Using the most up-to-date data we have available, the number of deaths from 13 March 2020 up to 5 February 2021 was 586,964. Of the deaths registered by 5 February 2021, 119,147 mentioned COVID-19 on the death certificate. This is 20.3% of all deaths in England and Wales.

In England, the number of deaths up to 5 February 2021 was 550,438, of these, 111,980 deaths (20.3%) mentioned COVID-19.

In Wales, the number of deaths up to 5 February 2021 was 35,772, of these, 7,005 deaths (19.6%) mentioned COVID-19.

In Week 5 (week ending 5 February 2021), the number of deaths involving the coronavirus (COVID-19) in England and Wales decreased in 11 out of 20 age groups compared with Week 4. The biggest decrease was seen in those aged 90 years and over (298 fewer deaths). Nearly three-quarters (72.1%) of deaths involving COVID-19 were in people aged 75 years and over.

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (up to week ending 5 February 2021), 54.4% of all deaths involving COVID-19 have been in males (Figure 4). There have been more deaths in females aged 85 years and over (27,304) than males aged 85 years and over (22,956). However, these numbers do not account for the population structure where there are more women aged 85 years and over than men.

Figure 4: Nearly three-quarters of deaths involving COVID-19 have been in people aged 75 years and over

Number of deaths registered by week and age group, England and Wales, 28 December 2019 to 5 February 2021

Notes:

1. Figures include deaths of non-residents.

2. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.

3. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.

4. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows: coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2).

5. Individual weeks may not sum to the year-to-date analysis as previous weeks have been recalculated to have the most up-to-date figures.

6. Does not include deaths where age is either missing or not yet fully coded.

Download the data

Figure 5: The number of deaths in Week 5 was higher than the five-year average in all English regions and Wales

Number of deaths in Wales and regions in England, registered between 28 December 2019 and 5 February 2021

Notes:

1. Based on area of usual residence. Geographical boundaries are based on the most up-to-date information available at the time of publication.

2. Figures exclude deaths of non-residents.

3. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.

4. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.

5. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows; coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2).

6. The number of deaths registered in 2020 Weeks 19, 20, 22, 23, 36, 37, 52 and 53 and in Week 1 2021 were affected by the Early May, Late May, August, Christmas and New Year Bank Holidays (Friday 8 May 2020, Monday 25 May 2020, Monday 31 August 2020, Friday 25 December 2020, Monday 28 December 2020, Friday 1 January 2021); the impact of the Early May Bank Holiday was analysed in our Week 20 bulletin.

7. The Week 52 five-year average is used to compare against Week 53 deaths.

8. The five-year average has been provided for 2015 to 2019 (rather than 2016 to 2020) because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on deaths registered in 2020. The average for 2015 to 2019 provides a comparison of the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non-pandemic) year.

Download the data

In Week 5 (week ending 5 February 2021), the total number of deaths registered was higher than the five-year average in all English regions and Wales for the 13th week in a row (Figure 5). The largest increase on the five-year average was for London (69.8% higher).

Across the English regions, the South East had the largest number of deaths involving the coronavirus (COVID-19), with 1,415 deaths, while the English region with the highest proportion of deaths involving COVID-19 was London (51.1%).

Deaths involving COVID-19 decreased in all regions, with the South East of England reporting the largest decrease (295 fewer deaths). The last time all regions recorded a decrease was Week 28 of 2020 (week ending 10 July 2020). More detailed geographic analysis can be found in our Monthly mortality analysis release.

In Week 5, there were 314 deaths involving COVID-19 registered in Wales - a 13.0% decrease compared with Week 4 (361 deaths).

Notes

1. Based on area of usual residence. Geographical boundaries are based on the most up-to-date information available at the time of publication.
2. Figures exclude deaths of non-residents.
3. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.
4. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.
5. The averages are based on the number of death registrations in each region, recorded for each corresponding week over the previous five years.
6. Moveable public holidays, when register offices are closed, affect the number of registrations made in the published weeks and in the corresponding weeks in previous years. The number of deaths registered in Week 1 2021 was affected by the Christmas and New Year Bank Holidays (Monday 28 December 2020 and Friday 1 January 2021)
7. The five-year average has been provided for 2015 to 2019 (rather than 2016 to 2020) because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on deaths registered in 2020. The average for 2015 to 2019 provides a comparison of the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non-pandemic) year.

Of deaths involving the coronavirus (COVID-19) in 2020 and up to Week 5 (week ending 5 February 2021), 68.8% (81,999 deaths) occurred in hospitals, with the remainder occurring in care homes (28,406 deaths), private homes (6,183 deaths), hospices (1,686 deaths), other communal establishments (447 deaths) and elsewhere (426).

Between Weeks 4 and 5, the number of deaths involving COVID-19 decreased in hospitals (826 fewer), care homes (245 fewer) private homes (47 fewer), elsewhere (13 fewer) and other communal establishments (3 fewer) but increased in hospices (21 more). Deaths involving COVID-19 in hospitals as a proportion of all deaths in hospitals fell to 58.0% in Week 5 (61.9% in Week 4). Deaths involving COVID-19 in care homes accounted for 45.5% of deaths, a decrease from Week 4 (49.0%),

Detailed analysis on deaths of care home residents is available in Deaths involving COVID-19 in the care sector, England and Wales: deaths occurring up to 12 June 2020 and registered up to 20 June 2020.

From Week 1 2021 (week ending 8 January 2021) onwards, we have published a dataset of weekly deaths to care home residents. The term "care home resident" used in this dataset refers to all deaths where either (a) the death occurred in a care home, or (b) the death occurred elsewhere but the place of residence of the deceased was recorded as a care home. The figures should not be confused with "deaths in care homes" as reported within this article, which refers only to category (a).

As well as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) data, the Care Quality Commission (CQC) provides numbers of deaths involving COVID-19 in care homes in England that are based on the date the death was notified to the CQC. From 10 April 2020 (the first day when data were collected using the CQC's new method of identifying deaths involving COVID-19) to 12 February 2021, there were 27,214 deaths of residents in care homes involving COVID-19. Of these deaths, 893 were notified in the week up to 12 February 2021. More information on the data provided by the CQC can be found in our joint transparency statement.

In Wales, the Welsh Government publishes the number of deaths of care home residents involving COVID-19 notified to the Care Inspectorate Wales (CIW). Between 1 March 2020 and 29 January 2021, there were 1,709 deaths of residents in care homes involving COVID-19.

More information on how these numbers have compared throughout the pandemic can be found in our previous Comparison of weekly death occurrences in England and Wales release.

Figure 6: Deaths were above the five-year average in private homes, hospitals and care homes in Week 5

Number of excess deaths by place of occurrence, England and Wales, registered between 7 March 2020 and 5 February 2021

Notes:

1. Based on area of usual residence. Geographical boundaries and communal establishments are based on the most up-to-date information available.

2. Figures include deaths of non-residents.

3. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.

4. All figures for 2020 and 2021 are provisional.

5. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows: coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2).

6. "Other" includes deaths in communal establishments other than hospitals and care homes, in hospices, and that occurred "elsewhere". More information on the place of death definitions used is available in the accompanying dataset.

7. The Week 52 five-year average is used to compare against Week 53 deaths.

8. The five-year average has been provided for 2015 to 2019 (rather than 2016 to 2020) because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on deaths registered in 2020. The average for 2015 to 2019 provides a comparison of the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non-pandemic) year.

Download the data

In Week 5, the numbers of deaths in private homes, hospitals and care homes were above the five-year average (Figure 6). The largest proportion of excess deaths was registered in private homes (1,334 excess deaths, 48.6% of the five-year average), followed by hospitals (2,740 excess deaths, 47.6% of the five-year average).

Looking in more detail at deaths in private homes in Week 5, males accounted for 725 excess deaths compared with 608 for females. Overall, 78.9% of the excess deaths in private homes were of those aged 70 years and over (1,053 excess deaths); this proportion has increased from 75.7% (1,056 excess deaths) in Week 4.

The Deaths in private homes release provides analysis for deaths registered from 28 December 2019 to 11 September 2020. In addition, more detailed analysis of excess deaths in England is produced by Public Health England (PHE) on a weekly basis.

Figure 7 is based on date of death for deaths registered up to 13 February 2021, rather than date of registration. As more deaths are registered, deaths per day are likely to increase, especially for later dates. Looking at the number of deaths that occurred in Week 5, 70.8% of deaths occurred in hospitals, and care homes accounted for 21.8% of all deaths involving COVID-19; this may change as more deaths are registered.

The earliest known death involving COVID-19 occurred in the week ending 31 January 2020 (Week 5).

Across the UK, there were 19,149 deaths (all causes) registered in Week 5 (week ending 5 February 2021), which was 5,317 deaths higher than the UK five-year average and 1,340 fewer deaths than in Week 4 (week ending 29 January 2021). Of these deaths, 7,820 involved the coronavirus (COVID-19), 1,194 fewer deaths than in Week 4 (13.2% decrease) (Figure 8).

In Week 5, England had the highest number of deaths involving COVID-19 with 6,990 deaths, followed by Scotland with 374 deaths, Wales with 314 deaths and Northern Ireland with 126 deaths.

We previously published this section as a separate article, which provided a more thorough description of the differences between different data sources. This section will look at the number of deaths by date of death produced by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) compared with death notifications reported on the GOV.UK dashboard. For Wales, we can also compare the data by date of death released by Public Health Wales (PHW).

On 12 August 2020, Public Health England (PHE) revised their data series to include two measures: deaths of positively tested individuals where the death occurred within 28 days and deaths within 60 days of a positive test. More information on these changes can be found in their technical summary.

In England, including deaths that occurred up to 5 February 2021 but were registered up to 13 February 2021, of those we have processed so far, the number involving the coronavirus (COVID-19) was 114,690.

The comparative number of death notifications reported on GOV.UK (based on data from PHE) where the deaths occurred within 28 days of testing was 98,778 and the number of deaths by date of death showed 100,664.

In Wales, including deaths that occurred up to 5 February 2021 but were registered up to 13 February 2021, of those we have processed so far, the number involving COVID-19 was 7,089. The comparative number of death notifications reported on GOV.UK (based on data from PHW) where the death occurred within 28 days of testing was 4,961 and the number of deaths by date of death was 5,036.

Try the new way to filter and download these data:

• Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales by age and sex: COVID-19

• Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales by region: COVID-19

• Death registrations and occurrences by local authority and place of death

• Death registrations and occurrences by health board and place of death

Coronavirus (COVID-19) deaths

Coronavirus (COVID-19) deaths are those deaths registered in England and Wales in the stated week where COVID-19 was mentioned on the death certificate. A doctor can certify the involvement of COVID-19 based on symptoms and clinical findings - a positive test result is not required. Definitions of COVID-19 for deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland are similar to England and Wales.

More quality and methodology information on strengths, limitations, appropriate uses, and how the data were created is available in the Mortality statistics in England and Wales QMI.

To meet user needs, we publish very timely but provisional counts of death registrations in England and Wales in our Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional dataset. These are presented by sex, age group and regions (within England) as well as for Wales as a whole. To allow time for registration and processing, these figures are published 11 days after the week ends. Because of the rapidly changing situation, in this bulletin we have also given provisional updated totals for death occurrences based on the latest available death registrations, up to 13 February 2021.

Because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, our regular weekly deaths release now provides a separate breakdown of the number of deaths involving COVID-19: that is, where COVID-19 or suspected COVID-19 was mentioned anywhere on the death certificate, including in combination with other health conditions. If a death certificate mentions COVID-19, it will not always be the main cause of death but may be a contributory factor. This bulletin summarises the latest weekly information and will be updated each week during the pandemic.

The data for 2020 are based on a 53-week year. Because of the number of days in a week being seven, when there are 52 weeks, we only cover 364 days of the 365 days in the year, which results in one remaining day each calendar year not included in the 52 weeks. With the occurrence of leap years, it is sometimes necessary to add a 53rd week to the end of the calendar, which was the case in 2020. This happens every five years, with the last time there was a Week 53 being in 2015. Given the low frequency of Week 53, it is more appropriate to compare the 2020 figures with the average for Week 52, than to compare it with a single year from five years previous. Therefore, the five-year average used in this bulletin for 2020 is the same as the five-year average used for Week 52.

From the bulletin dated 3 November 2020, we have added two additional analyses.

Previously, we gave a breakdown of deaths involving COVID-19 into those where COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death ("due to COVID-19") and those where it was a contributory factor ("involving COVID-19") in the monthly mortality analysis; because of high public interest, this distinction is now shown in Figure 2 of the weekly bulletin.

This bulletin is based mainly on the date deaths are registered, not the date of death, because of the time taken for a death to be registered. Deaths in England and Wales are normally registered within five days, but there can be a considerably longer delay in some circumstances, particularly when the death is referred to a coroner.

We have developed a statistical model to estimate the number of deaths likely to have occurred in each week, based on previous experience of the pattern of registration delays, including the effects of bank holidays. The method is described in the article Predicting total weekly death occurrences in England and Wales: methodology and the results are shown in the tab, "Estimated total deaths 2020", of the accompanying dataset.

These figures are different from the daily surveillance figures on COVID-19 deaths published by the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) on the GOV.UK website, for the UK as a whole and its constituent countries. Figures in this report are derived from the formal process of death registration and may include cases where the doctor completing the death certificate diagnosed possible cases of COVID-19, for example, where this was based on relevant symptoms but no test for the virus was conducted.

From 29 April 2020, the DHSC started to publish as their daily announced figures on deaths from COVID-19 for the UK a new series that uses improved data for England produced by Public Health England (PHE). These figures provide a count of all deaths where a positive test for COVID-19 has been confirmed, wherever that death has taken place, a change from previously reporting only confirmed COVID-19 deaths in hospitals.

Figures for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland had already begun to include deaths outside hospitals, so this change ensured that the UK-wide series had a shared and common definitional coverage. A statement was published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), which provides more detail of the changes.

On 12 August 2020, the PHE data series was revised to include two measures: deaths of positively tested individuals where the death occurred within 28 days and deaths within 60 days of a positive test. More information on these changes can be found in their technical summary (PDF, 854KB).

In contrast to the GOV.UK figures, we include only deaths registered in England and Wales, which is the legal remit of the ONS. Tables 2 and 3 provide an overview of the differences in definitions between sources.

We will publish accompanying articles periodically, giving enhanced information such as age-standardised and age-specific mortality rates for recent time periods and breakdowns of deaths involving COVID-19 by associated pre-existing health conditions.

There is usually a delay of at least five days between occurrence and registration. More information on this issue can be found in our impact of registration delays release.

Our User guide to mortality statistics provides further information on data quality, legislation and procedures relating to mortality and includes a glossary of terms.

Figures are based on the date the death was registered, not when it occurred. There is usually a delay of at least five days between occurrence and registration. More information on this issue can be found in our impact of registration delays release.