Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional: week ending 15 April 2022

In the week ending 15 April 2022 (Week 15), 9,919 deaths were registered in England and Wales; of these deaths, 1,003 mentioned "novel coronavirus (COVID-19)", accounting for 10.1% of all deaths.

This is an increase in COVID-19 deaths compared with the week ending 1 April 2022 (Week 14) when the number of all-cause deaths registered was 10,687; of these, COVID-19 accounted for 960 deaths (9.0%).

Deaths registered in Week 15 are affected by the Good Friday bank holiday. The five-year average for Week 15 includes a bank holiday in one of the five years.

• Of the 1,003 deaths involving COVID-19, 64.2% (644 deaths) had this recorded as the underlying cause of death in Week 15, compared with 64.3% in Week 14.

• In Week 15 in England and Wales, the number of deaths was above the five-year average in private homes (6.9% above, 181 excess deaths) but below the five-year average in care homes (13.2% below, 292 fewer deaths), hospitals (9.3% below, 462 fewer deaths), and other settings (12.3% below, 98 fewer deaths).

• The number of deaths registered in the UK in the week ending 15 April 2022 (Week 15) was 11,298, which was 5.6% below the five-year average (670 fewer deaths); of these deaths, 1,150 involved COVID-19, which was 16 more than in Week 14.

Figure 1: Total deaths from all causes were below the five-year average in Week 15

Number of deaths registered by week, England and Wales, 28 December 2019 to 15 April 2022

Notes:

1. Figures include deaths of non-residents.
2. Based on date a death was registered rather than occurred.
3. All figures are provisional.
4. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) definitions are available in the Measuring the data section.
5. The number of deaths registered in a week are affected when bank holidays occur.
6. Information relating to the five-year averages used can be found in the Measuring the data section.
7. The weekly 2015 to 2019 average can be found on the 2021 version of the deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional dataset. This is in the accompanying datasets.

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• Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales by age and sex: COVID-19
• Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales by region: COVID-19
• Death registrations and occurrences by local authority and place of death

Coronavirus (COVID-19) deaths

COVID-19 deaths are those deaths registered in England and Wales in the stated week where COVID-19 was mentioned on the death certificate. A doctor can certify the involvement of COVID-19 based on symptoms and clinical findings – a positive test result is not required. Definitions of COVID-19 for deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland are similar to England and Wales.

To meet user needs, we publish very timely but provisional counts of death registrations in England and Wales in our Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional dataset. These are presented:

• by sex
• by age group
• for regions (within England)
• for Wales as a whole

To allow time for registration and processing, figures are published 11 days after the week ends. Because of the rapidly changing situation, we also provide provisional updated totals for death occurrences based on the latest available death registrations, up to 23 April 2022.

The five-year average is designed to show us the expected number of deaths based on the most recent years. Using five years means that random year-on-year fluctuations are smoothed.

The 2015 to 2019 five-year average was used to compare against deaths registered in 2020 and 2021 because it provides a comparison with the number of deaths expected per week in a usual (non- coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic) year. The further we move away from the five years in question, the less robust the measure is because of changes in population numbers, age and structure.

Deaths registered in 2022 will be compared with the 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2021 five-year average. As 2021 is also a coronavirus pandemic year and does increase some of the expected deaths in a week, other comparisons are also used including week-by-week and 2021 only.

The number of registration days in a reference period can affect mortality statistics. For example, bank holidays can affect the number of registrations within a week or month because of the closure of registration offices. We often see high death registrations in the first two weeks of January when registration services are back in the office and dealing with any backlog from the Christmas period.

Coronavirus

This weekly release now provides a separate breakdown of the number of deaths involving coronavirus. This breakdown includes deaths where COVID-19 or suspected COVID-19 was mentioned anywhere on the death certificate, including in combination with other health conditions.

If a death certificate mentions COVID-19, it will not always be the main cause of death but may be a contributory factor. This bulletin summarises the latest weekly information and will be updated each week during the coronavirus pandemic.

Data coverage

The data for 2020 are based on a 53-week year. When there are 52 weeks, we only cover 364 days of the 365 days in the year because the number of days in a week is seven. This results in one remaining day each calendar year not being included in the 52 weeks. With the occurrence of leap years, it is sometimes necessary to add a 53rd week to the end of the calendar, which was the case in 2020. This happens every five years, and the last time there was a Week 53 was in 2015. Given the low frequency of Week 53, it is more appropriate to compare the 2020 figures with the average for Week 52 than to compare them with a single year from five years previously. View more detail on the data coverage for the weekly deaths bulletin in our Coronavirus and mortality in England and Wales methodology.

Influenza and pneumonia have been included for comparison in the Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional dataset as a well-understood cause of death involving respiratory infection that is likely to have somewhat similar risk factors to COVID-19.

Registration delays

This bulletin is based mainly on the date that deaths are registered, not the date of death, because of the time taken for a death to be registered. Deaths in England and Wales are normally registered within five days, but there can be a considerably longer delay in some circumstances, particularly when the death is referred to a coroner. More information on this issue can be found in our Impact of registration delays on mortality statistics article.

We have developed a statistical model to estimate the number of deaths likely to have occurred in each week based on the previous pattern of registration delays, including the effects of bank holidays. You can find out more about this statistical model in our Predicting total weekly death occurrences in England and Wales methodology. Results are shown in sheet 11 of the Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, provisional dataset.

Classification codes

From the week ending 26 February 2021 (Week 8), new International Classification of Diseases codes for COVID-19 issued by the World Health Organization were implemented for deaths involving COVID-19. View more detail about the additional classification codes for COVID-19 in our Coronavirus and mortality in England and Wales methodology.

We will publish accompanying articles periodically. These will give enhanced information such as age-standardised and age-specific mortality rates for recent time periods and breakdowns of deaths involving COVID-19 by associated pre-existing health conditions.

For further information on data quality, legislation and procedures relating to mortality and a glossary of terms, view our user guide to mortality statistics methodology.

Comparability

These weekly figures are for England and Wales only (as this is the Office for National Statistics' (ONS) legal remit). They are from the formal death registration process and may include cases where the doctor completing the death certificate diagnosed possible cases of coronavirus (COVID-19). For example, where this was based on relevant symptoms, but no test was conducted. The ONS figures are different from the daily surveillance figures on COVID-19 deaths published by the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) on GOV.UK, which are for the UK as a whole and its constituent countries.

On 1 February 2022, the UK Health Security Agency technical summary data series was revised to include deaths of positively tested individuals where the death occurred within 28 days, and deaths within 60 days of a positive test. You can find out more about these changes in the UK Health Security Agency technical summary (PDF, 443KB).

View more detail on the differences in definitions of COVID-19 deaths between sources, and the differences in definitions of COVID-19 deaths in care homes, in our Coronavirus and mortality in England and Wales methodology.

Quality

More quality and methodology information on strengths, limitations, appropriate uses, and how the data were created is available in our Mortality statistics in England and Wales QMI.