"Figure 1: Life expectancy at birth has steadily increased from 1841, although slower improvements have been seen since 2011","" "Period and cohort life expectancy at birth, England and Wales, 1841 to 2020, males and females","" "","" "Notes","" "Unit","Age in years" "","" "Year","Males Period","Males Cohort","Females Period","Females Cohort" "1841","40.15","39.53","42.25","42.75" "1842","40.07","39.27","41.92","42.54" "1843","40.59","39.43","42.62","42.71" "1844","40.2","39.39","42.28","42.78" "1845","41.12","39.64","43.22","42.92" "1846","39.08","39.5","41.22","42.89" "1847","37.46","39.57","39.57","43.07" "1848","38.81","39.97","40.97","43.42" "1849","36.82","40.15","38.54","43.65" "1850","41.83","40.84","43.71","44.24" "1851","39.97","40.23","41.93","43.64" "1852","39.35","40.2","41.47","43.65" "1853","38.86","40.21","41.11","43.66" "1854","38.52","40.74","40.44","44.2" "1855","39.62","40.95","41.86","44.56" "1856","41.36","41.51","43.58","44.95" "1857","39.99","40.96","41.86","44.42" "1858","38.59","40.97","40.5","44.65" "1859","39.44","41.49","41.37","45.23" "1860","40.76","41.7","43.13","45.5" "1861","40.45","41.67","42.79","45.44" "1862","40.94","42.22","43.32","45.98" "1863","39.19","42.27","41.55","46.08" "1864","38.37","42.5","40.8","46.25" "1865","38.4","42.53","41.1","46.36" "1866","38.77","42.97","41.4","46.86" "1867","40.54","43.51","43.45","47.42" "1868","40.37","43.81","43.03","47.62" "1869","39.94","44.08","42.74","48.03" "1870","39.16","44.25","42.05","48.3" "1871","39.62","44.65","42.65","48.75" "1872","41.17","45.21","44.27","49.31" "1873","41.66","45.04","44.92","49.41" "1874","40.62","45.07","43.59","49.51" "1875","39.91","44.77","42.99","49.38" "1876","40.96","45.64","44.37","50.31" "1877","41.93","46.31","45.45","51.04" "1878","40.45","45.95","43.63","50.83" "1879","41.88","47.05","45.13","52.11" "1880","41.37","46.49","44.58","51.66" "1881","43.46","47.73","46.65","52.82" "1882","42.47","47.38","45.5","52.61" "1883","42.37","47.57","45.66","53.05" "1884","42.07","47.47","45.2","53.01" "1885","43.01","48","46.13","53.69" "1886","43.02","47.62","46.15","53.39" "1887","43.56","48.12","46.6","53.94" "1888","44.59","48.58","47.97","54.44" "1889","44.29","48.35","47.57","54.21" "1890","42.29","48.19","45.95","54.08" "1891","42.63","48.48","46.23","54.52" "1892","43.9","48.63","47.28","54.67" "1893","43.02","48.37","46.34","54.42" "1894","46.57","49.56","49.98","55.57" "1895","43.71","48.41","47.11","54.69" "1896","45.4","49.36","48.74","55.56" "1897","44.58","48.98","48.31","55.28" "1898","44.36","48.9","47.92","55.28" "1899","43.46","49.12","47.03","55.55" "1900","43.72","49.81","47.52","56.38" "1901","45.03","50.36","48.83","57.05" "1902","46.44","51.86","50.27","58.59" "1903","47.66","52.08","51.42","58.69" "1904","46.33","51.79","49.96","58.35" "1905","48.1","53","51.74","59.65" "1906","47.7","53.25","51.49","59.78" "1907","48.67","54.44","52.46","61.1" "1908","49.04","54.6","53","61.25" "1909","49.85","55.65","53.49","62.21" "1910","51.34","55.86","55.17","62.29" "1911","49.39","54.75","53.06","61.33" "1912","52.56","57.06","56.08","63.56" "1913","51.43","56.27","55.28","62.79" "1914","51.29","56.63","55.13","63.18" "1915","48.39","57.47","54.02","64.15" "1916","51.95","58.36","56.53","64.92" "1917","51.42","58.79","56.89","65.19" "1918","44.64","59.33","49.91","66.15" "1919","52.5","59.86","56.12","66.76" "1920","55.82","60.69","58.69","67.44" "1921","56.15","61.23","60.02","67.9" "1922","55.56","62.11","59.32","68.74" "1923","57.11","62.67","61.06","69.09" "1924","56.2","62.57","60.09","69.02" "1925","56.38","63.5","60.24","69.75" "1926","57.61","64.09","61.56","70.3" "1927","56.9","64.81","60.95","70.8" "1928","58.07","65.06","62.21","71.07" "1929","55.61","65.36","59.61","71.36" "1930","58.7","66.9","62.97","72.78" "1931","57.79","66.86","61.81","72.74" "1932","58.47","67.52","62.37","73.36" "1933","58.31","68.1","62.16","73.88" "1934","59.29","69.08","63.16","74.6" "1935","60.02","69.52","63.97","75.12" "1936","59.7","69.79","63.89","75.47" "1937","59.74","70.32","63.9","75.87" "1938","60.97","71.07","65.39","76.49" "1939","61.37","71.3","65.6","76.63" "1940","57.79","71.04","63.2","76.6" "1941","59.02","71.39","64.19","76.83" "1942","61.92","72.65","66.71","77.82" "1943","61.81","73.04","66.72","78.12" "1944","62.41","73.69","67.58","78.53" "1945","62.73","73.6","67.95","78.57" "1946","64.14","74.65","68.67","79.35" "1947","63.94","74.8","68.53","79.45" "1948","65.86","75.57","70.29","80.18" "1949","65.56","75.85","69.95","80.46" "1950","66.09","76.23","70.61","80.81" "1951","65.68","76.36","70.65","80.98" "1952","66.89","76.66","72.12","81.21" "1953","67.12","76.84","72.24","81.34" "1954","67.4","77.05","72.72","81.53" "1955","67.33","77.25","72.7","81.75" "1956","67.57","77.54","72.99","81.94" "1957","67.64","77.75","73.23","82.04" "1958","67.76","77.93","73.39","82.25" "1959","67.89","78.11","73.48","82.39" "1960","68.06","78.23","73.82","82.58" "1961","68.02","78.41","73.87","82.73" "1962","68.03","78.46","73.99","82.83" "1963","67.92","78.65","73.93","82.97" "1964","68.65","78.87","74.78","83.16" "1965","68.58","78.99","74.81","83.35" "1966","68.46","79.15","74.73","83.45" "1967","69.09","79.35","75.23","83.58" "1968","68.73","79.35","74.9","83.7" "1969","68.63","79.55","74.96","83.8" "1970","68.89","79.68","75.19","83.92" "1971","69.24","79.83","75.51","84.09" "1972","69.02","79.97","75.24","84.22" "1973","69.23","80.14","75.46","84.35" "1974","69.45","80.29","75.65","84.53" "1975","69.7","80.55","75.85","84.65" "1976","69.73","80.84","75.85","84.93" "1977","70.23","81.04","76.33","85.04" "1978","70.17","81.29","76.3","85.18" "1979","70.33","81.4","76.41","85.35" "1980","70.78","81.62","76.78","85.48" "1981","71.1","81.78","77.08","85.72" "1982","71.27","81.95","77.18","85.81" "1983","71.51","82.18","77.42","85.99" "1984","71.94","82.39","77.78","86.11" "1985","71.85","82.56","77.57","86.25" "1986","72.07","82.62","77.88","86.37" "1987","72.47","82.79","78.16","86.52" "1988","72.61","82.94","78.26","86.66" "1989","72.85","83.15","78.33","86.78" "1990","73.07","83.35","78.71","86.94" "1991","73.29","83.56","78.79","87.1" "1992","73.74","83.75","79.15","87.26" "1993","73.71","83.93","79","87.37" "1994","74.28","84.06","79.53","87.52" "1995","74.22","84.2","79.43","87.62" "1996","74.46","84.33","79.54","87.72" "1997","74.75","84.49","79.7","87.82" "1998","74.96","84.63","79.92","87.96" "1999","75.2","84.74","80","88.07" "2000","75.6","84.89","80.36","88.17" "2001","75.92","85.03","80.57","88.28" "2002","76.09","85.17","80.7","88.42" "2003","76.3","85.31","80.68","88.5" "2004","76.85","85.45","81.23","88.62" "2005","77.12","85.56","81.4","88.75" "2006","77.44","85.71","81.7","88.84" "2007","77.69","85.84","81.85","88.96" "2008","77.86","85.97","81.91","89.09" "2009","78.31","86.11","82.44","89.18" "2010","78.65","86.27","82.56","89.3" "2011","79.05","86.35","82.93","89.44" "2012","79.21","86.51","82.88","89.53" "2013","79.22","86.64","82.95","89.66" "2014","79.47","86.79","83.2","89.74" "2015","79.29","86.88","82.91","89.86" "2016","79.45","87.02","83.08","89.95" "2017","79.53","87.11","83.19","90.04" "2018","79.48","87.24","83.15","90.14" "2019","79.82","87.34","83.51","90.24" "2020","78.6","87.46","82.59","90.33"