"Figure 5: Excess winter mortality index for respiratory diseases statistically significantly increased in England and Wales since last winter","" "Excess winter mortality index by underlying cause of death and country, England and Wales, occurring between 2018 to 2019 and 2019 to 2020","" "","" "Notes","1. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows; circulatory diseases (I00 to I99), respiratory diseases (J00 to J99) and dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (F01, F03 and G30). 2. Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period (August through to the following July). Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. 3. The excess winter mortality (EWM) index is calculated as excess winter deaths (EWD) divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage. 4. Figures for England and Wales exclude deaths of non-residents. 5. Figures are based on deaths excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. " "Unit","Excess winter mortality index" "","" "Cause","Circulatory diseases","Respiratory diseases ","Dementia and Alzheimer's disease" "England 2018 to 2019","13.1","48","22.5" "England 2019 to 2020","14.4","59.1","18.1" "Wales 2018 to 2019","6.4","39.7","30.1" "Wales 2019 to 2020","16.1","60.2","22.4"